UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM
(Mark One)
For the quarterly period ended
OR
From the transition period from _________ to _________
Commission File Number
SUPER LEAGUE GAMING, INC. |
(Exact name of small business issuer as specified in its charter) |
| | |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (IRS Employer Identification No.) |
(Address of principal executive offices)
Company: (
(Issuer’s telephone number)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Sec.232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer | ☐ | Accelerated filer | ☐ |
| ☐ | Smaller reporting company | |
Emerging growth company | |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||
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As of August 13, 2022, there were
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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Item 1A. |
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Item 6. |
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
SUPER LEAGUE GAMING, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2022 | 2021 | |||||||
(Unaudited) | ||||||||
ASSETS | ||||||||
Current Assets | ||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | $ | ||||||
Accounts receivable | ||||||||
Prepaid expense and other current assets | ||||||||
Total current assets | ||||||||
Property and equipment, net | ||||||||
Intangible and other assets, net | ||||||||
Goodwill | ||||||||
Total assets | $ | $ | ||||||
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | ||||||||
Current Liabilities | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expense | $ | $ | ||||||
Deferred revenue | ||||||||
Convertible notes payable at fair value | ||||||||
Total current liabilities | ||||||||
Deferred taxes | ||||||||
Total liabilities | ||||||||
Commitments and contingencies | ||||||||
Stockholders’ Equity | ||||||||
Preferred stock, par value $ per share; shares authorized; shares issued or outstanding | ||||||||
Common stock, par value $ per share; shares authorized; and shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. | ||||||||
Additional paid-in capital | ||||||||
Accumulated deficit | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
Total stockholders’ equity | ||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | $ |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
REVENUE | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
COST OF REVENUE | ||||||||||||||||
GROSS PROFIT | ||||||||||||||||
OPERATING EXPENSE | ||||||||||||||||
Selling, marketing and advertising | ||||||||||||||||
Engineering, technology and development | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative | ||||||||||||||||
Total operating expense | ||||||||||||||||
NET OPERATING LOSS | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE) | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||||||
Gain on loan forgiveness | ||||||||||||||||
Other | 3,000 | 1,000 | 7,000 | |||||||||||||
Total other income (expense) | ||||||||||||||||
Loss before benefit from income taxes | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
Benefit from income taxes | ||||||||||||||||
NET LOSS | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
Net loss attributable to common stockholders - basic and diluted | ||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted loss per common share | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
Weighted-average number of shares outstanding, basic and diluted |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended June 30 | Six Months Ended June 30 | |||||||||||||||
2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
Common stock (Shares) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock at $ per share | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock at $ per share | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock at $ per share | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock issued for Mobcrush Acquisition (Note 4) | ||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | ||||||||||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock (Amount): | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock at $ per share | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock at $ per share | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock at $ per share | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock issued for Mobcrush Acquisition (Note 4) | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Additional paid-in-capital: | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock at $ per share, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock at $ per share, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock at $ per share, net of issuance costs | ||||||||||||||||
Common stock issued for Mobcrush Acquisition (Note 4) | ||||||||||||||||
Stock-based compensation | ||||||||||||||||
Stock option exercises | ||||||||||||||||
Other | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, end of period | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Accumulated deficit: | ||||||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||||
Net Loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
Balance, end of period | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||||||
Total stockholders’ equity | $ | $ | $ | $ |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended June 30, | ||||||||
2022 | 2021 | |||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Net loss | $ | ( | ) | $ | ( | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: | ||||||||
Depreciation and amortization | ||||||||
Stock-based compensation | ||||||||
Gain on loan forgiveness (Note 5) | ( | ) | ||||||
Change in valuation allowance (Note 4) | ( | ) | ||||||
Change in fair value of convertible notes (Note 5) | ( | ) | ||||||
Amortization of convertible notes discount | ||||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: | ||||||||
Accounts receivable | ||||||||
Prepaid expense and other current assets | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expense | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
Deferred revenue | ( | ) | ||||||
Deferred taxes | (46,000 | ) | ||||||
Accrued interest on note payable | ||||||||
Net cash used in operating activities | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Cash acquired in connection with Mobcrush Acquisition (Note 4) | ||||||||
Purchase of property and equipment | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
Purchase of third-party game properties | ( | ) | ||||||
Capitalization of software development costs | (497,000 | ) | ( | ) | ||||
Acquisition of other intangible assets | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | ( | ) | ||||||
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs | ||||||||
Proceeds from convertible notes, net (Note 5) | ||||||||
Payments on convertible notes | ( | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from common stock option exercises | ||||||||
Net cash provided by financing activities | ||||||||
(DECREASE) INCREASE IN CASH | ( | ) | ||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents - beginning of period | ||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents - end of period | $ | $ | ||||||
SUPPLEMENTAL NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES | ||||||||
Issuance of common stock in connection with Mobcrush Acquisition | $ | $ |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. | DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS |
Super League Gaming, Inc. (Nasdaq: SLGG), (“Super League,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) builds and operates networks of games, monetization tools and content channels across open-world gaming platforms that empower developers, energize players, and entertain fans. Our solutions provide incomparable access to an audience consisting of players in the largest global metaverse environments, fans of hundreds of thousands of gaming influencers, and viewers of gameplay content across major social media and digital video platforms. Fueled by proprietary and patented technology systems, the Company’s platform includes access to vibrant in-game communities, a leading metaverse advertising platform, a network of highly viewed channels and original shows on Instagram, TikTok, Snap, YouTube, and Twitch, cloud-based livestream production tools, and an award-winning esports invitational tournament series. Super League’s properties deliver powerful opportunities for brands and advertisers to achieve impactful insights and marketing outcomes with gamers of all ages.
Super League was incorporated on October 1, 2014 as Nth Games, Inc. under the laws of the State of Delaware and changed its name to Super League Gaming, Inc. on June 15, 2015. We are an “emerging growth company” as defined by the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, as amended.
Acquisition of Mobcrush Streaming, Inc. On June 1, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Mobcrush Streaming, Inc. (“Mobcrush”), a live streaming technology platform used by gaming influencers who generate and distribute original content to fans and subscribers across the most popular live streaming and social media platforms, including Twitch, YouTube, Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and more. Mobcrush also operates Mineville and Pixel Paradise, two of only seven official Minecraft servers in partnership with Microsoft Corporation (“Microsoft”).
Acquisition of Bannerfy, LTD. On August 24, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of Bannerfy, Ltd., (“Bannerfy”) pursuant to which the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding common shares of Bannerfy, as described at Note 4. Bannerfy is an intelligent technology platform that enables digital video and live streaming creators to collaborate with tier one sponsors on their social media channels including YouTube through scalable and custom premium placements.
Acquisition of Bloxbiz Co. (doing business as, and hereinafter referred to as “Superbiz”). On October 4, 2021, the Company acquired (i) substantially all of the assets of Superbiz. and (ii) the personal goodwill of the founders regarding Superbiz's business, as described at Note 4. Superbiz is a dynamic ad platform designed specifically for metaverse environments. Superbiz’s initial deployment enables brands to advertise across popular Roblox game titles and helps Roblox creators with monetization and game analytics.
In accordance with the acquisition method of accounting, the financial results of Super League presented herein include the financial results of the fiscal year 2021 acquisitions described above for the applicable periods subsequent to the respective transaction closing dates. Refer to Note 4 for additional information.
2. | SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, certain information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP in annual financial statements have been omitted or condensed in accordance with quarterly reporting requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with our audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, filed with the SEC on March 31, 2022.
The December 31, 2021 condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP.
The condensed consolidated interim financial statements of Super League include all adjustments of a normal recurring nature which, in the opinion of management, are necessary for a fair statement of Super League’s financial position as of June 30, 2022, and results of its operations and its cash flows for the interim periods presented. The results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the entire fiscal year.
Principles of Consolidation
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications to operating expense line items have been made to prior period amounts for consistency and comparability with the current periods’ condensed consolidated financial statements presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the reported total operating expense for the periods presented.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expense during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates. The Company believes that, of the significant accounting policies described herein, the accounting policies associated with revenue recognition, impairment of goodwill and intangibles, stock-based compensation expense, capitalized internal-use-software costs, accounting for business combinations, accounting for convertible debt, including estimates and assumptions used to calculate the fair value of debt instruments, and accounting for income taxes and valuation allowances against net deferred tax assets, require its most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments.
Going Concern
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming the Company will continue as a going concern, which contemplates the realization of assets and satisfaction of liabilities in the normal course of business. The Company incurred net losses of $
The Company had cash and cash equivalents of $
Management’s Plans
The Company experienced significant growth in fiscal year 2021 through organic and inorganic growth activities, including the expansion of our premium advertising inventory and quarter over quarter and year over year increases in recognized revenue across our three primary revenue streams. In 2022, we are focused on the continued expansion of our service offerings and revenue growth opportunities through internal development, collaborations, and through opportunistic strategic acquisitions, as well as management and reduction of costs. Management is currently exploring several alternatives for raising capital to facilitate our growth and execute our business strategy, including strategic partnerships and or other forms of equity or debt financings.
As further described at Note 6, on March 25, 2022, we entered into a common stock purchase agreement with an institutional investor. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to sell to the investor, and the investor is obligated to purchase, up to $
In addition, on May 16, 2022, as further described at Note 5, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement with three institutional investors, providing for the sale and issuance of a new series of senior convertible notes in the aggregate original principal amount of $
As further described at Note 6, in September 2021, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement with two investment banks as agents, pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, through the agents, up to $
The Company considers historical operating results, costs, capital resources and financial position, in combination with current projections and estimates, as part of its plan to fund operations over a reasonable period. Management's considerations assume, among other things, that the Company will continue to be successful implementing its business strategy, that there will be no material adverse developments in the business, liquidity or capital requirements and, the Company will be able to raise additional equity or debt financing on acceptable terms. If one or more of these factors do not occur as expected, it could cause a reduction or delay of its business activities, sales of material assets, default on its obligations, or forced insolvency. The accompanying financial statements do not contain any adjustments which might be necessary if the Company were unable to continue as a going concern. No assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory to the Company.
We may continue to evaluate potential strategic acquisitions. To finance such strategic acquisitions, we may find it necessary to raise additional equity capital, incur debt, or both. Any efforts to seek additional funding could be made through issuances of equity or debt, or other external financing. However, additional funding may not be available on favorable terms, or at all. The capital and credit markets have experienced extreme volatility and disruption periodically and such volatility and disruption may occur in the future. If we fail to obtain additional financing when needed, we may not be able to execute our business plans which, in turn, would have a material adverse impact on our financial condition, our ability to meet our obligations, and our ability to pursue our business strategies.
Revenue Recognition
Revenue is recognized when the Company transfers promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods and services. In this regard, revenue is recognized when: (i) the parties to the contract have approved the contract (in writing, orally, or in accordance with other customary business practices) and are committed to perform their respective obligations; (ii) the entity can identify each party’s rights regarding the goods or services to be transferred; (iii) the entity can identify the payment terms for the goods or services to be transferred; (iv) the contract has commercial substance (that is, the risk, timing, or amount of the entity’s future cash flows is expected to change as a result of the contract); and (v) it is probable that the entity will collect substantially all of the consideration to which it will be entitled in exchange for the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer.
Transaction prices are based on the amount of consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for transferring promised goods or services to a customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties, if any. We consider the explicit terms of the revenue contract, which are typically written and executed by the parties, our customary business practices, the nature, timing, and the amount of consideration promised by a customer in connection with determining the transaction price for our revenue arrangements. Refunds and sales returns historically have not been material.
The Company generates revenue from (i) advertising, serving as a marketing channel for brands and advertisers to reach their target audiences of gamers across our network, (ii) content, curating and distributing esports and gaming-centric entertainment content for our own network of digital channels and media and entertainment partner channels and (iii) direct to consumer offers including digital subscriptions, in-game digital goods, and gameplay access fees.
The Company reports revenue on a gross or net basis based on management’s assessment of whether the Company acts as a principal or agent in the transaction and is evaluated on a transaction-by-transaction basis. To the extent the Company acts as the principal, revenue is reported on a gross basis net of any sales tax from customers, when applicable. The determination of whether the Company acts as a principal or an agent in a transaction is based on an evaluation of whether the Company controls the good or service prior to transfer to the customer. Where applicable, the Company has determined that it acts as the principal in all of its advertising and sponsorships, content and direct to consumer revenue streams, except in situations where we utilize a reseller partner with respect to direct advertising sales arrangements.
Revenue billed or collected in advance is recorded as deferred revenue until the event occurs or until applicable performance obligations are satisfied.
Advertising and Sponsorships
Advertising revenue primarily consists of direct sales activity along with sales of programmatic display and video advertising units to third-party advertisers and exchanges. Advertising arrangements typically include contract terms for time periods ranging from several days to several weeks in length.
For advertising arrangements that include performance obligations satisfied over time, customers typically simultaneously receive and consume the benefits under the arrangement as we satisfy our performance obligations, over the applicable contract term. As such, revenue is recognized over the contract term based upon estimates of progress toward complete satisfaction of the contract performance obligations (typically utilizing a time, effort or delivery-based method of estimation). Revenue from shorter-term advertising arrangements that provide for a contractual delivery or performance date is recognized when performance is substantially complete and or delivery occurs. Payments are typically due from customers during the term of the arrangement for longer-term campaigns, and once delivery is complete for shorter-term campaigns.
Sponsorship revenue arrangements may include: exclusive or non-exclusive title sponsorships, marketing benefits, official product status exclusivity, product visibly and additional infrastructure placement, social media rights, rights to on-screen activations and promotions, display material rights, media rights, hospitality and tickets and merchandising rights. Sponsorship revenue also includes revenue pursuant to arrangements with brand and media partners, retail venues, game publishers and broadcasters that allow our partners to run amateur esports experiences, and or capture specifically curated gameplay content that is customized for our partners’ distribution channels. Sponsorship arrangements typically include contract terms for time periods ranging from several weeks or months to terms of twelve months in length.
For sponsorship arrangements that include performance obligations satisfied over time, customers typically simultaneously receive and consume the benefits under the agreement as we satisfy our performance obligations, over the applicable contract term. As such, revenue is recognized over the contract term based upon estimates of progress toward complete satisfaction of the contract performance obligations (typically utilizing a time, effort or delivery-based method of estimation). Payments are typically due from customers during the term of the arrangement.
Revenue from sponsorship arrangements for one-off branded experiences and/or the development of content tailored specifically for our partners’ distribution channels that provide for a contractual delivery or performance date, is recognized at a point in time, when performance is substantially complete and or delivery occurs.
Content Sales
Content sales revenue is generated in connection with our curation and distribution of esports and entertainment content for our own network of digital channels and media and entertainment partner channels. We distribute three primary types of content for syndication and licensing, including: (1) our own original programming content, (2) user generated content (“UGC”), including online gameplay and gameplay highlights, and (3) the creation of content for third parties utilizing our remote production and broadcast technology.
For content arrangements that include performance obligations satisfied over time, customers typically simultaneously receive and consume the benefits under the arrangement as we satisfy our performance obligations, over the applicable contract term. As such, revenue is recognized over the contract term based upon estimates of progress toward complete satisfaction of the contract performance obligations (typically utilizing a time, effort or delivery-based method of estimation). Revenue from shorter-term content sales arrangements that provide for a contractual delivery or performance date is recognized when performance is substantially complete and/or delivery occurs. Payments are typically due from customers during the term of the arrangement for longer-term campaigns, and once delivery is complete for shorter-term campaigns.
Direct to Consumer
Direct to consumer revenue primarily consist of primarily monthly digital subscription fees, and sales of in-game digital goods. Subscription revenue is recognized in the period the services are rendered. Payments are typically due from customers at the point of sale.
InPvP Platform Generated Sales Transactions. Our Mobcrush subsidiary generates in-game Platform sales revenue via digital goods sold within the platform, including cosmetic items, durable goods, player ranks and game modes, leveraging the flexibility of the Microsoft Minecraft Bedrock platform, and powered by the InPvP cloud architecture technology platform. Revenue is generated when transactions are facilitated between Microsoft and the end user, either via in-game currency or cash.
Revenue for digital goods sold on the platform is recognized when Microsoft (our partner) collects the revenue and facilitates the transaction on the platform. Revenue for such arrangements includes all revenue generated, bad debt, make goods, and refunds of all transactions managed via the platform by Microsoft. The revenue is recognized on a monthly basis. Payments are made to the Company monthly based on the reconciled sales revenue generated.
Revenue was comprised of the following for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
Advertising and sponsorships | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Content sales | ||||||||||||||||
Direct to consumer | ||||||||||||||||
$ | $ | $ | $ |
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2022,
Cost of Revenue
Cost of revenue includes direct costs incurred in connection with the satisfaction of performance obligations under our revenue arrangements including internal and third-party engineering, creative, content, broadcast and other personnel, talent and influencers, developers, content capture and production services, direct marketing, cloud services, software, prizing, and revenue sharing fees.
Advertising
Gaming experience and Super League brand related advertising costs include the cost of ad production, social media, print media, marketing, promotions, and merchandising. The Company expenses advertising costs as incurred. Advertising costs are included in selling, marketing and advertising expense in the accompanying statements of operations. Advertising expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 was $
Engineering, Technology and Development Costs
Components of our platform are available on a “free to use,” “always on basis,” and are utilized and offered as an audience acquisition tool, as a means of growing our audience, engagement, viewership, players and community. Engineering, technology and development related operating expense includes the costs described below, incurred in connection with our audience acquisition and viewership expansion activities. Engineering, technology and development related operating expense includes (i) allocated internal engineering personnel expense, including salaries, noncash stock compensation, taxes and benefits, (ii) third-party contract software development and engineering expense, (iii) internal use software cost amortization expense, and (iv) technology platform related cloud services, broadband and other platform expense, incurred in connection with our audience acquisition and viewership expansion activities, including tools and product offering development, testing, minor upgrades and features, free to use services, corporate information technology and general platform maintenance and support.
Fair Value Measurements
Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. The Company measures financial assets and liabilities at fair value at each reporting period using a fair value hierarchy which requires the Company to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Three levels of inputs may be used to measure fair value:
Level 1. Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 . Quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or inputs other than quoted prices which are observable for the assets or liabilities, either directly or indirectly through market corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.
Level 3. Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity and which are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities.
Certain assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, including derivative financial instruments and convertible notes payable recorded at fair value (Note 5). Certain long-lived assets may be periodically required to be measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, including long-lived assets that are impaired. The fair value for other assets and liabilities such as cash, restricted cash, accounts receivable, receivables reserved for users, other receivables, prepaid expense and other current assets, accounts payable and accrued expense, and liabilities to customers have been determined to approximate carrying amounts due to the short maturities of these instruments.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The Company evaluates its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. For derivative financial instruments that are accounted for as liabilities, the derivative instrument is initially recorded at its fair value and is then re-valued at each reporting date, with changes in the fair value reported in the consolidated statements of operations. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is reassessed at the end of each reporting period. Equity instruments that are initially classified as equity that become subject to reclassification are reclassified to a liability at the fair value of the instrument on the reclassification date. Derivative instrument liabilities are classified in the balance sheet as current or non-current based on whether or not net-cash settlement of the derivative instrument could be required within 12 months of the balance sheet date. In circumstances where the embedded conversion option in a convertible instrument is required to be bifurcated and there are also other embedded derivative instruments in the convertible instrument that are required to be bifurcated, the bifurcated derivative instruments are accounted for as a single, compound derivative instrument.
Derivative liabilities are adjusted to reflect fair value at each period end, with any increase or decrease in the fair value being recorded in the statement of operations.
Acquisitions
Acquisition Method. Acquisitions that meet the definition of a business under ASC 805, “Business Combinations,” (“ASC 805”) are accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. Under the acquisition method of accounting, assets acquired, liabilities assumed, contractual contingencies, and contingent consideration, when applicable, are recorded at fair value at the acquisition date. Any excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. The application of the acquisition method of accounting requires management to make significant estimates and assumptions in the determination of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the allocation of the purchase price consideration to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Transaction costs associated with business combinations are expensed as incurred and are included in general and administrative expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Contingent consideration, if any, is recognized and measured at fair value as of the acquisition date.
Cost Accumulation Model. Acquisitions that do not meet the definition of a business under ASC 805 are accounted for as an asset acquisition, utilizing a cost accumulation model. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized at cost, which is the consideration the acquirer transfers to the seller, including direct transaction costs, on the acquisition date. The cost of the acquisition is then allocated to the assets acquired based on their relative fair values. Goodwill is not recognized in an asset acquisition. Direct transaction costs include those third-party costs that can be directly attributable to the asset acquisition and would not have been incurred absent the acquisition transaction.
Contingent consideration, representing an obligation of the acquirer to transfer additional assets or equity interests to the seller if future events occur or conditions are met, is recognized when probable and reasonably estimable. Contingent consideration recognized is included in the initial cost of the assets acquired, with subsequent changes in the recorded amount of contingent consideration recognized as an adjustment to the cost basis of the acquired assets. Subsequent changes are allocated to the acquired assets based on their relative fair value. Depreciation and/or amortization of adjusted assets are recognized as a cumulative catch-up adjustment, as if the additional amount of consideration that is no longer contingent had been accrued from the outset of the arrangement.
Contingent consideration that is paid to sellers that remain employed by the acquirer and linked to future services is generally considered compensation cost and recorded in the statement of operations in the post-combination period.
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets primarily consist of (i) internal-use software development costs, (ii) domain name, copyright and patent registration costs, (iii) commercial licenses and branding rights, (iv) developed technology acquired, (v) partner, customer, creator and influencer related intangible assets acquired and (vi) other intangible assets, which are recorded at cost (or in accordance with the acquisition method or cost accumulation methods described above) and amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging from
Software development costs incurred to develop internal-use software during the application development stage are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the software’s estimated useful life, which is generally
years. Software development costs incurred during the preliminary stages of development are charged to expense as incurred. Maintenance and training costs are charged to expense as incurred. Upgrades or enhancements to existing internal-use software that result in additional functionality are capitalized and amortized on a straight-line basis over the applicable estimated useful life.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
The Company assesses the recoverability of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important, which could trigger an impairment review, include the following: significant underperformance relative to expected historical or projected future operating results; significant changes in the manner of our use of the acquired assets or the strategy for our overall business; significant negative industry or economic trends; significant adverse changes in legal factors or in the business climate, including adverse regulatory actions or assessments; and significant decline in our stock price for a sustained period. In the event the sum of the expected undiscounted future cash flows resulting from the use of the asset is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss equal to the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value is recorded. For the periods presented herein, management believes that there was no impairment of long-lived assets. There can be no assurance, however, that market conditions or demand for the Company’s products or services will not change, which could result in long-lived asset impairment charges in the future.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of the acquired business over the acquisition date fair value of the net assets acquired. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level (operating segment or one level below an operating segment) on an annual basis ( December 31) and between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. We consider our market capitalization and the carrying value of our assets and liabilities, including goodwill, when performing our goodwill impairment tests. We operate in one reporting segment.
If a potential impairment exists, a calculation is performed to determine the fair value of existing goodwill. This calculation can be based on quoted market prices and / or valuation models, which consider the estimated future undiscounted cash flows resulting from the reporting unit, and a discount rate commensurate with the risks involved. Third-party appraised values may also be used in determining whether impairment potentially exists. In assessing goodwill impairment, significant judgment is required in connection with estimates of market values, estimates of the amount and timing of future cash flows, and estimates of other factors that are used to determine the fair value of our reporting unit. If these estimates or related projections change in future periods, future goodwill impairment tests may result in charges to earnings.
When conducting the Company’s annual or interim goodwill impairment assessment, we initially perform a qualitative evaluation of whether it is more likely than not that goodwill is impaired. In evaluating whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we consider the guidance set forth in ASC 350, “Intangibles Goodwill and Other,” (“ASC 350”) which requires an entity to assess relevant events and circumstances, including macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, financial performance and other relevant events or circumstances. From a qualitative standpoint, we considered the Company’s history of reported losses and negative cash flows from operating activities, along with the downturn in macroeconomic conditions and the broader mid-cap and micro-cap equity markets in late 2021. We also considered that the Company experienced significant inorganic and organic growth in fiscal 2021, including the impact of the acquisitions of Mobcrush, Bannerfy and Superbiz on our premium advertising inventory, product offerings to advertisers, current period revenue recognized and future revenue generating opportunities. Given that the Company’s significant growth occurred recently, and the relatively short period of time between the commencement of the downturn in macroeconomic and general equity market conditions as of December 31, 2021, management believes that the recent reduction in prices of our common stock, consistent with the broader market, is not other-than-temporary and not indicative of any fundamental change in the value or prospects of the underlying business as of the measurement date. There was no change to this assessment as of June 30, 2022.
At June 30, 2022, we reported goodwill of $
Stock-Based Compensation
Compensation expense for stock-based awards is measured at the grant date, based on the estimated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense, typically on a straight-line basis over the employee’s requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the equity award) which is generally two to four years. Compensation expense for awards with performance conditions that affect vesting is recorded only for those awards expected to vest or when the performance criteria are met. The fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards is determined by the product of the number of shares or units granted and the grant date market price of the underlying common stock. The fair value of stock option and common stock purchase warrant awards is estimated on the date of grant utilizing the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model. The Company utilizes the simplified method for estimating the expected term for options granted to employees due to the lack of available or sufficient historical exercise data for the Company for the applicable options terms. The Company accounts for forfeitures of awards as they occur. Estimates of expected volatility of the underlying common stock for the expected term of the stock option used in the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model are determined by reference to historical volatilities of the Company’s common stock and historical volatilities of similar companies.
Grants of equity-based awards (including warrants) to non-employees in exchange for consulting or other services are accounted for using the grant date fair value of the equity instruments issued.
On January 1, 2022, the Company issued
(i) | the Company’s stock price equaling $ |
(ii) | the Company’s stock price equaling $ |
(iii) | the Company’s stock price equaling $ |
(iv) | the Company’s stock price equaling $ |
(v) | the Company’s stock price equaling $ |
A condition affecting the exercisability or other pertinent factors used in determining the fair value of an award that is based on an entity achieving a specified share price constitutes a market condition pursuant to ASC 718, “Stock based Compensation,” (“ASC 718”). A market condition is reflected in the grant-date fair value of an award, and therefore, a Monte Carlo simulation model is utilized to determine the estimated fair value of the equity-based award. Compensation cost is recognized for awards with a market condition, provided the requisite service period is satisfied, regardless of whether the market condition is ever satisfied. Noncash stock compensation expense related to the PSUs totaled $
Noncash stock-based compensation expense for the periods presented was included in the following financial statement line items:
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
Sales, marketing and advertising | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Engineering, technology and development | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative | ||||||||||||||||
Total noncash stock compensation expense | $ | $ | $ | $ |
Financing Costs
Specific incremental costs directly attributable to a proposed or actual offering of securities are deferred and charged against the gross proceeds of the equity financing. In the event that the proposed or actual equity financing is not completed, or is deemed not likely to be completed, such costs are expensed in the period that such determination is made. Deferred equity financing costs, if any, are included in other current assets in the accompanying balance sheet. Deferred financing costs totaled $
Specific incremental costs directly attributable to a proposed or actual debt offering are reported in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the face amount of the debt instrument. In the event that the proposed or actual debt financing is not completed, or is deemed not likely to be completed, such costs are expensed in the period that such determination is made. In the event that the Company elects to use the fair value option to account for debt instruments, all costs directly attributable to the debt offering are expensed as incurred in the statement of operations. Debt financing costs for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $
.
Convertible Debt
The Company evaluates its convertible notes to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivatives under ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). ASC 815 requires conversion, redemption options, call options and other features (hereinafter, “Embedded Instruments”) contained in the Company’s convertible debt instruments that meet certain criteria to be bifurcated and separately accounted for as an embedded derivative. In circumstances where the embedded conversion option in a convertible instrument is required to be bifurcated and there are also other embedded derivative instruments in the convertible instrument that are required to be bifurcated, the bifurcated derivative instruments are accounted for as a single, compound derivative instrument.
In the event that the fair value option election is not made, as described below, the Company evaluates the balance sheet classification for convertible debt instruments issued to determine whether the instrument should be classified as debt or equity, and whether the Embedded Instruments should be accounted for separately from the host instrument. Embedded Instruments of a convertible debt instrument would be separated from the convertible instrument and classified as a derivative liability if the feature, were it a standalone instrument, meets the definition of an “embedded derivative.” Generally, characteristics that require derivative treatment include, among others, when the conversion feature is not indexed to the Company’s equity, or when it must be settled either in cash or by issuing stock that is readily convertible to cash. When a conversion feature meets the definition of an embedded derivative, it is required to be separated from the host instrument and classified as a derivative liability carried on the consolidated balance sheet at fair value, with any changes in its fair value recognized currently in the consolidated statements of operations.
Fair Value Option (“FVO”) Election. The Company accounts for certain convertible notes issued, as described at Note 5 under the fair value option election pursuant to ASC 825, “Financial Instruments” (“ASC 825”) as discussed below. The convertible notes accounted for under the FVO election are each debt host financial instruments containing embedded features which would otherwise be required to be bifurcated from the debt-host and recognized as separate derivative liabilities subject to initial and subsequent periodic estimated fair value measurements under ASC 815. Notwithstanding, ASC 825 provides for the “fair value option” election, to the extent not otherwise prohibited by ASC 825, to be afforded to financial instruments, wherein bifurcation of an embedded derivative is not necessary, and the financial instrument is initially measured at its issue-date estimated fair value and then subsequently remeasured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis at each reporting period date. The estimated fair value adjustment, as required by ASC 825, is recognized as a component of other comprehensive income (“OCI”) with respect to the portion of the fair value adjustment attributed to a change in the instrument-specific credit risk, with the remaining amount of the fair value adjustment recognized as other income (expense) in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. With respect to the note described at Note 5, as provided for by ASC 825, the estimated fair value adjustment is presented in a respective single line item within other income (expense) in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, since the change in fair value of the convertible notes payable was not attributable to instrument specific credit risk. The estimated fair value adjustment is included in interest expense in the accompanying statement of operations.
Reportable Segments
The Company utilizes the management approach to identify the Company’s operating segments and measure the financial information disclosed, based on information reported internally to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) to make resource allocation and performance assessment decisions. An operating segment of a public entity has all the following characteristics: (1) it engages in business activities from which it may earn revenue and incur expense; (2) its operating results are regularly reviewed by the public entity’s CODM to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance: and (3) its discrete financial information is available. Based on the applicable criteria under the standard, the components of the Company’s operations are its: (1) advertising and sponsorship component, including content sales component; and (2) the Company’s direct-to-consumer component.
A reportable segment is an identified operating segment that also exceeds the quantitative thresholds described in the applicable standard. Based on the applicable criteria under the standard, including quantitative thresholds, management has determined that the Company has one reportable segment that operated primarily in domestic markets during the periods presented herein.
Concentration of Credit Risks
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk are cash equivalents, investments and accounts receivable. The Company places its cash equivalents and investments primarily in highly rated money market funds. Cash equivalents are also invested in deposits with certain financial institutions and may, at times, exceed federally insured limits. The Company has not experienced any significant losses on its deposits of cash and cash equivalents.
Risks and Uncertainties
Concentrations. The Company had certain customers whose revenue individually represented 10% or more of the Company’s total revenue, or whose accounts receivable balances individually represented 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts receivable, and vendors whose accounts payable balances individually represented 10% or more of the Company’s total accounts payable, as follows:
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||||||
2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||||
Number of customers > 10% of revenue / percent of revenue |
June 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||||
Number of customers > 10% of accounts receivable / percent of accounts receivable | ||||||||||
Number of vendors > 10% of accounts payable / percent of accounts payable |
Earnings (Loss) Per Share
Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing the income or loss by the weighted-average number of outstanding shares of common stock for the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed by dividing the income or loss by the weighted-average number of outstanding shares of common stock for the applicable period, including the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents. Potentially dilutive common stock equivalents primarily consist of employee stock options, warrants issued to employees and non-employees in exchange for services and warrants issued in connection with financings. Common stock underlying all outstanding stock options, restricted stock units and warrants, totaling
Recent Accounting Guidance
Recent Accounting Pronouncements – Not Yet Adopted. In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU No. 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires entities to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, in order to align the recognition of a contract liability with the definition of a performance obligation. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2023, and early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that this standard will have on its financial statements and related disclosures.
3. | INTANGIBLE AND OTHER ASSETS |
Intangible and other assets consisted of the following for the periods presented:
June 30, | December 31, | |||||||
2022 | 2021 | |||||||
Partner and customer relationships | $ | $ | ||||||
Capitalized software development costs | ||||||||
Capitalized third-party game property costs | ||||||||
Developed technology | ||||||||
Influencers/content creators | ||||||||
Trade name | ||||||||
Domain | ||||||||
Copyrights and other | ||||||||
Less: accumulated amortization | ( | ) | ( | ) | ||||
Intangible and other assets, net | $ | $ |
Amortization expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 totaled $
During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company purchased Anime Battlegrounds X, one of the highest rated games on Roblox, from a third-party game developer. Total purchase price of $
The Company expects to record amortization of intangible assets for the year ending December 31, 2022 and future fiscal years as follows:
For the years ending December 31, | ||||
2022 Remaining | $ | |||
2023 | ||||
2024 | ||||
2025 | ||||
2026 | ||||
Thereafter | ||||
$ |
4. | ACQUISITIONS |
Acquisition of Mobcrush
On March 9, 2021, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, as amended on April 20, 2021 (the “Mobcrush Merger Agreement”), by and among Mobcrush, the Company, and SLG Merger Sub II, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (“Merger Co”), which provided for the acquisition of Mobcrush by Super League pursuant to the merger of Merger Co with and into Mobcrush, with Mobcrush as the surviving corporation (the “Mobcrush Acquisition”).
On June 1, 2021 (“Mobcrush Closing Date”), the Company completed the Mobcrush Acquisition pursuant to which the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of Mobcrush. In accordance with the terms and subject to the conditions of the Mobcrush Merger Agreement: (A) each outstanding share of Mobcrush common stock, par value $
The Mobcrush Acquisition was approved by the board of directors of each of the Company and Mobcrush, and was approved by the stockholders of Mobcrush. For purposes of complying with Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635, Super League’s stockholders approved the issuance of an aggregate of
Transaction costs incurred by the Company relating to the Mobcrush Acquisition totaled $
In accordance with the acquisition method of accounting, the financial results of Super League presented herein include the financial results of Mobcrush subsequent to the Mobcrush Closing Date. Disclosure of revenue and net loss for Mobcrush on a stand-alone basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 is not practical due to the integration of Mobcrush operations, including sales, products, advertising inventory, resource allocation and related operating expense, with those of the consolidated Company upon acquisition, consistent with Super League operating in
reporting segment.
The Company determined that the Mobcrush Acquisition constitutes a business acquisition as defined by ASC 805. Accordingly, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction were recorded at their estimated acquisition date fair values, while transaction costs associated with the acquisition were expensed as incurred pursuant to the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805. Super League’s preliminary purchase price allocation was based on an evaluation of the appropriate fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and represents management’s best estimate based on available data. Fair values are determined based on the requirements of ASC 820, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures,” (“ASC 820”).
The following table summarizes the determination of the fair value of the purchase price consideration paid in connection with the Mobcrush Acquisition:
Equity Consideration at closing – shares of common stock | $ | |||
Super League closing stock price per share on the Mobcrush Closing Date | $ | |||
Fair value of common stock issued | $ |
The fair value of the Company common stock used in determining the estimated fair value of the Mobcrush Merger Consideration was $
The purchase price allocation was based upon a preliminary estimate of the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed by the Company in connection with the Mobcrush Acquisition, as follows:
Amount | ||||
Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed: | ||||
Cash | $ | |||
Accounts receivable | ||||
Prepaids | ||||
Property and equipment | ||||
Identifiable intangible assets | ||||
Accounts payable and accrued expense | ( | ) | ||
Deferred revenue | ( | ) | ||
Net deferred income tax liability | ( | ) | ||
Identifiable net assets acquired | ||||
Goodwill | ||||
Total purchase price | $ |
The following table presents details of the fair values of the acquired intangible assets of Mobcrush:
Estimated Useful Life (in years) | Amount | |||||||
Preferred partner relationship | ||||||||
Developed technology | ||||||||
Influencers/content creators | ||||||||
Advertiser and agency relationships | ||||||||
Trademarks | ||||||||
Customer relationships | ||||||||
Total intangible assets acquired | $ |
Aggregated amortization expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 related to intangible assets acquired in connection with the Mobcrush Acquisition, totaled $
Pursuant to the terms of the Mobcrush Merger Agreement, immediately prior to the effective time of the Mobcrush Acquisition, each vested option to acquire shares of Mobcrush common stock held by former Mobcrush employees was exercised so that, at the effective time of the Mobcrush Acquisition, shares of Mobcrush common stock issued upon exercise of these vested options received shares of Company common stock issuable as Mobcrush Merger Consideration. Unvested options to acquire shares of Mobcrush common stock that were outstanding immediately prior to the Mobcrush Closing Date were canceled, and a number of options to purchase shares of Company common stock were issued to replace the cancelled unvested Mobcrush options in a manner consistent with options historically granted by Super League under the Super League 2014 Stock Option and Incentive Plan (the “Replacement Options”).
Pursuant to the terms of the Mobcrush Merger Agreement,
Management is primarily responsible for determining the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Mobcrush Closing Date. Management considered a number of factors, including reference to a preliminary independent analysis of estimated fair values solely for the purpose of allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The analysis included a preliminary discounted cash flow analysis which estimated the future net cash flows expected to result from the respective assets acquired as of the Mobcrush Closing Date. A discount rate consistent with the risks associated with achieving the estimated net cash flows was used to estimate the present value of future estimated net cash flows. The Company is in the process of finalizing the estimates and assumptions developed in connection with the independent analysis of estimated fair values of intangible assets acquired solely for the purpose of allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Any adjustments to the fair values of intangibles assets acquired or estimates of economic useful lives of the intangible assets acquired, could impact the carrying value of those assets and related goodwill, as well as the estimates of periodic amortization of intangible assets acquired to be reflected in the statement of operations.
The fair values of the acquired intangible assets, as described above, was determined using the following methods:
Description | Valuation Method Applied | Valuation Method Description | Assumptions | |||
Preferred partner relationship / Advertiser and agency relationships | Multi-Period Excess Earnings Method “"MPEE”") under the Income Approach | MPEEM is an application of the DCF Method, whereby revenue derived from the intangible asset is estimated using the overall business revenue, adjusted for attrition, obsolescence, cost of goods sold, operating expense, and taxes. Required returns attributable to other assets employed in the business are subtracted. The “excess” earnings are attributable to the intangible asset, and are discounted to present value at a rate of return to estimate the fair value of the intangible asset. | Discount rate | |||
Developed technology and Trademarks | Relief-from-Royalty Method under the Income Approach | Under the Relief-from-Royalty method, the royalty savings is calculated by estimating a reasonable royalty rate that a third-party would negotiate in a licensing agreement. Such royalties are most commonly expressed as a percentage of total revenue involving the technology. | Forecast period: | |||
Influencers/content creators | With-and-Without Method under the Income Approach | The With-and-Without Method compares the present value of the after-tax cash flows of the business assuming that the subject intangible asset is in place with the present value of the after-tax cash flows of the business assuming the subject asset is not in place. The difference between the present value of the two scenarios isolates the impact of the subject intangible asset and provides an estimation of fair value. | Forecast period: | |||
Customer relationships | Cost Approach | In the Replacement Cost Method, value is estimated by determining the current cost of replacing an asset with one of equivalent economic utility. The premise of the approach is that a prudent investor would pay no more for an asset than the amount for which the utility of the asset could be replaced. | Rate of Return |
The Mobcrush Acquisition was treated for tax purposes as a nontaxable transaction and, as such, the historical tax bases of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, net operating losses, and other tax attributes of Mobcrush will carryover. As a result, no new tax goodwill was created in connection with the Mobcrush Acquisition as there is no step-up to fair value of the underlying tax bases of the acquired net assets. The acquisition method of accounting includes the establishment of a net deferred tax asset or liability resulting from book tax basis differences related to assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the date of acquisition. Acquisition date deferred tax assets primarily relate to certain net operating loss carryforwards of Mobcrush. Acquisition date deferred tax liabilities relate to specifically identified non-goodwill intangibles acquired. The estimated net deferred tax liability was determined as follows:
Book Basis | Tax Basis | Difference | ||||||||||
Intangible assets acquired | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||
Tangible assets acquired | ( | ) | ||||||||||
Estimated net operating loss carryforwards – Mobcrush | - | |||||||||||
Net deferred tax liability – pretax | ( | ) | ||||||||||
Estimated tax rate | % | |||||||||||
Estimated net deferred tax liability | $ | ( | ) |
Release of Valuation Allowance. Since inception, the Company has maintained a full valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets. The net deferred tax liability resulting from the Mobcrush Acquisition created a source of income to utilize against the Company’s existing net deferred tax assets. Under the acquisition method of accounting, the impact on the acquiring company’s deferred tax assets is recorded outside of acquisition accounting. Accordingly, the valuation allowance on a portion of the Company’s net deferred tax assets was released, resulting in an income tax benefit of approximately $
The following unaudited pro forma combined results of operations for the periods presented are provided for illustrative purposes only. The unaudited pro forma combined statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2021 and 2020, assume the acquisition occurred as of January 1, 2020. The unaudited pro forma combined financial results do not purport to be indicative of the results of operations for future periods or the results that actually would have been realized had the entities been a single entity during these periods.
Three Months Ended June 30, | Six Months Ended June 30, | |||||||||||||||
2021 | 2020 | 2021 | 2020 | |||||||||||||
Revenue | $ | $ | $ | $ | ||||||||||||
Net Loss | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) | ( | ) |
Pro forma adjustments primarily relate to the amortization of identifiable intangible assets acquired over the estimated economic useful life as described above, the expensing of stock options issued to former Mobcrush employees acquired in connection with the Merger, the exclusion of interest expense related to convertible debt of Mobcrush not assumed by Super League in connection with the Merger, the exclusion of nonrecurring transaction costs, and the exclusion of amortization and depreciation related to tangible and intangible assets of Mobcrush existing immediately prior to the Merger. The unaudited pro forma combined statements of operations for the periods presented herein have been adjusted to give effect to pro forma events that are expected to have a continuing impact on the combined results. As such, the income tax benefit related to the release of valuation allowance reflected in the statement of income for the three months ended June 30, 2021, as described above, totaling $
Acquisition of Bannerfy, LTD
On August 11, 2021, the Company entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “Bannerfy Purchase Agreement”) with William Roberts, Colin Gillespie, and Robert Pierre (collectively, “Sellers”), pursuant to which the Company agreed to purchase, and Sellers agreed to sell, all of the issued and outstanding common shares of Bannerfy, a company organized under the laws of England and Wales for a total purchase price of $
Pursuant to the Bannerfy Purchase Agreement, upon the consummation of the Bannerfy Acquisition (the “Bannerfy Closing”), the Company paid an initial payment (subject to a holdback as described below) of $
In accordance with the Bannerfy Purchase Agreement, all remaining portions of the Bannerfy Purchase Price subsequent to the payment of the Bannerfy Closing Consideration, up to approximately $
The Bannerfy Acquisition was accounted for in accordance with ASC 805. In accordance with ASC 805, if substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets, the set is not considered a business. Gross assets acquired excludes cash and cash equivalents, deferred tax assets, and goodwill resulting from the effects of deferred tax liabilities. A single identifiable asset includes any individual asset or group of assets that could be recognized and measured as a single identifiable asset in a business combination. When evaluating whether assets are similar, we considered the nature of each single identifiable asset and the risks associated with managing and creating outputs from the assets. Management determined that the Bannerfy Acquisition involved the acquisition of developed technology, which accounted for substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired, and therefore, the Bannerfy Acquisition was determined not to be the acquisition of a business under ASC 805, and is therefore accounted for as an asset acquisition utilizing a cost accumulation model in accordance with the applicable guidance.
Transaction costs incurred in connection with the Bannerfy Acquisition totaled $
The Bannerfy Purchase Price paid, comprised of the Bannerfy Closing Consideration of $2.45 million and $62,000 of related transaction costs, was allocated to the developed technology acquired, with an estimated useful life of
Aggregated amortization expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, related to the developed technology acquired in connection with the Bannerfy Acquisition, totaled $
The Company hired the former director of Bannerfy (“Bannerfy Executive”), who was also a selling shareholder of Bannerfy. Pursuant to the provisions of the Bannerfy Purchase Agreement, in the event that the Bannerfy Executive ceases to be an employee, during any of the Earnout Periods, as a consequence of his resignation or termination for cause, as defined in the Bannerfy Purchase Agreement, the Bannerfy Executive shall only be entitled to such percentage of any Contingent Consideration payment which would otherwise be payable to him on a prorated basis based on the number of months employed during the applicable Earnout Period. Under ASC 805, a contingent consideration arrangement in which the payments are automatically forfeited if employment terminates is considered to be compensation for post-combination services, and not acquisition consideration. As such, the Contingent Consideration, if any, will be accounted for as post-combination services and expensed in the period that payment of any amounts of Contingent Consideration becomes probable and reasonably estimable.
The Bannerfy Acquisition was treated for tax purposes as a nontaxable transaction and, as such, the historical tax bases of the acquired assets and assumed liabilities, net operating losses, and other tax attributes of Bannerfy will carryover. As a result, there is no step-up to fair value of the underlying tax bases of the acquired net assets in connection with the Bannerfy Acquisition. The acquisition method of accounting includes the establishment of a net deferred tax asset or liability resulting from book tax basis differences related to assets acquired and liabilities assumed on the date of acquisition. When an acquisition of a group of assets is purchased in a transaction that is not accounted for as a business combination under ASC 805, a difference between the book and tax bases of the assets arises. ASC 740, “Income Taxes,” (“ASC 740”) requires the use of simultaneous equations to determine the assigned value of the asset and the related deferred tax asset or liability. As neither goodwill nor a bargain purchase gain is recognized in an asset acquisition, recognizing deferred tax assets or liabilities for temporary differences in an asset acquisition results in adjusting the carrying amount of the related assets and liabilities. The deferred tax liability and resulting adjustment to the carrying amount of the assets acquired in connection with the Bannerfy Acquisition was determined as follows:
Book Basis | Tax Basis | Difference | ||||||||||
Intangible assets acquired | $ | $ | $ | ( | ) | |||||||
Estimated net operating loss carryforwards – Bannerfy | ||||||||||||
Net deferred tax liability – pretax | ( | ) | ||||||||||
Estimated tax rate | % | |||||||||||
Estimated net deferred tax liability – Pursuant to ASC 740(1) | $ | ( | ) |
(1) | Pursuant to ASC 740, the deferred tax liability is estimated using the following formula: (a) Applicable tax rate divided by (b) minus the applicable tax rate, multiplied by (c) the tax basis of the net assets acquired less the initial book basis of the net assets acquired. |
Bannerfy commenced operations in September 2020. As such, the historical balance sheets and statements of operations of Bannerfy were not material, and therefore unaudited pro forma combined results of operations for the periods presented are not provided for illustrative purposes. Revenue and net loss related to Bannerfy for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 were not material.
Acquisition of Superbiz Co.
On October 4, 2021 (“Superbiz Closing Date”), the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement (the “Superbiz Purchase Agreement”) with Superbiz Co. and the founders of Superbiz (the “Founders”), pursuant to which the Company acquired (i) substantially all of the assets of Superbiz (the “Superbiz Assets”), and (ii) the personal goodwill of the Founders regarding Superbiz's business, (the “Superbiz Acquisition”). The consummation of the Superbiz Acquisition (the “Superbiz Closing”) occurred simultaneously with the execution of the Superbiz Purchase Agreement on the Superbiz Closing Date.
At closing, the Company paid an aggregate total of $
Pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of the Superbiz Purchase Agreement, up to an aggregate amount $
The Superbiz Acquisition was approved by the board of directors of each of the Company and Superbiz and was approved by the stockholders of Superbiz.
In accordance with the acquisition method of accounting, the financial results of Super League presented herein include the financial results of Superbiz subsequent to the Superbiz Closing Date. Disclosure of revenue and net loss for Superbiz on a stand-alone basis for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 is not practical due to the integration of Superbiz activities, including sales, products, advertising inventory, resource allocation and related operating expense, with those of the consolidated Company upon acquisition, consistent with Super League operating in one reporting segment.
The Company determined that the Superbiz Acquisition constitutes a business acquisition as defined by ASC 805. Accordingly, the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction were recorded at their estimated acquisition date fair values, while transaction costs associated with the acquisition were expensed as incurred pursuant to the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805. Super League’s preliminary purchase price allocation was based on an evaluation of the appropriate fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed and represents management’s best estimate based on available data. Fair values are determined based on the requirements of ASC 820.
Transaction costs incurred by the Company relating to the Superbiz Acquisition totaled $
The following table summarizes the determination of the fair value of the purchase price consideration paid in connection with the Superbiz Acquisition:
Cash consideration at closing | $ | |||||||
Equity consideration at closing – shares of common stock | ||||||||
Super League closing stock price per share on the Superbiz Closing Date | $ | |||||||
Fair value of equity consideration issued at closing | $ | |||||||
Fair value of total consideration issued at closing | $ |
The fair value of the Company common stock used in determining the estimated fair value of the Superbiz Closing Consideration was $
The purchase price allocation was based upon a preliminary estimate of the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed by the Company in connection with the Superbiz Acquisition, as follows:
Amount | ||||
Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed: | ||||
Accounts receivable | $ | |||
Identifiable intangible assets | ||||
Identifiable net assets acquired | ||||
Goodwill | ||||
Total purchase price | $ |
The following table presents details of the fair values of the acquired intangible assets of Superbiz:
Estimated Useful Life (in years) | Amount | |||||||
Developed technology | $ | |||||||
Developer relationships | ||||||||
Customer relationships | ||||||||
Total intangible assets acquired | $ |
Aggregated amortization expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, related to intangible assets acquired in connection with the Superbiz Acquisition, totaled $
Management is primarily responsible for determining the fair value of the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the Superbiz Closing Date. Management considered a number of factors, including reference to a preliminary independent analysis of estimated fair values solely for the purpose of allocating the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The analysis included a preliminary discounted cash flow analysis which estimated the future net cash flows expected to result from the respective assets acquired as of the Superbiz Closing Date. A discount rate consistent with the risks associated with achieving the estimated net cash flows was used to estimate the present value of future estimated net cash flows. The fair values of the intangible assets acquired in connection with the Superbiz acquisition were determined using the cost method. Under the cost method, value is estimated by determining the current cost of replacing an asset with one of equivalent economic utility. The premise of the approach is that a prudent investor would pay no more for an asset than the amount for which the utility of the asset could be replaced. Valuation assumptions utilized included rates of return of
The Company hired the Founders of Superbiz in connection with the Superbiz Acquisition. Pursuant to the provisions of the Superbiz Purchase Agreement, in the event that a Founder ceases to be an employee during any of the Superbiz Earn Out Periods, as a consequence of his resignation without good cause, or termination for cause, the Superbiz Contingent Consideration will be reduced by one-half (50%) for the respective Superbiz Earn Out Periods, if and when earned. Under ASC 805, a contingent consideration arrangement in which the payments are automatically forfeited if employment terminates is considered to be compensation for post-combination services, and not acquisition consideration. As such, the Contingent Consideration, if any, will be accounted for as post-combination services and expensed in the period that payment of any amounts of Contingent Consideration becomes probable and reasonably estimable.
For tax purposes, consistent with the accounting for book purposes, the Superbiz Closing Consideration was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date, with the excess purchase price allocated to goodwill. As a result, no deferred tax assets or liabilities were recorded with the acquisition and all of the goodwill is expected to be deductible for tax purposes.
Superbiz operations commenced in December 2020. As such, the historical balance sheets and statements of operations of Superbiz were not material, and therefore unaudited pro forma combined results of operations for the periods presented are not provided for illustrative purposes.
5. | NOTE PAYABLE |
Convertible Notes Payable at Fair Value
On May 16, 2022, the Company entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “SPA”) with three institutional investors (collectively, the “Note Holders”) providing for the sale and issuance of a new series of senior convertible notes in the aggregate original principal amount of $
In addition, the Company may be required to redeem all or a portion of the Notes under certain circumstances, and, in the event (A) the Company sells Company common stock pursuant to the March 25, 2022 Purchase Agreement, described below, or (B) consummates a subsequent equity financing, then the Note Holders will have the right, but not the obligation, to require the Company to use
In the event of a change of control, , the Note Holders may require the Company to redeem all or any portion of this Note in cash at a price equal to the greatest of (i) the product of (x)
In the event of the occurrence of an event of default, the Note Holders may require the Company to redeem (regardless of whether such Event of Default has been cured) all or any portion of the Notes. Each portion of the Notes subject to redemption by the Company pursuant to an event of default shall be redeemed by the Company at a price equal to the greater of (i) the product of (A) the Conversion Amount to be redeemed multiplied by (B)
Under the Notes the Company is subject to certain customary affirmative and negative covenants regarding the incurrence of indebtedness, the existence of liens, the repayment of indebtedness, the payment of cash in respect of dividends, distributions or redemptions, and the transfer of assets, among other matters.
The Notes are subject to a most favored nation provision and standard adjustments in the event of any stock split, stock dividend, stock combination, recapitalization or other similar transaction. If the Company issues or sells, or enters into any agreement to issue or sell, any variable rate securities, including by way of one or more reset(s) to a fixed price, the Holder has the right, but not the obligation, in its sole discretion, to substitute the applicable variable price for the Conversion Price upon conversion of the Notes.
Concurrently with the SPA the Company and the Note Holders entered into a registration rights agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to file a Registration Statement on Form S-3 within 30 days after the closing of the Note Offering.
During the three months ended June 30, 2022, the Company recorded interest expense related to the Notes totaling $
The Company elected to utilize the FVO to account for the Notes. The estimated fair value of the Notes at issuance was $
May 16, 2022 | June 30, 2022 | |||||||
Stock price | $ | $ | ||||||
Volatility | % | % | ||||||
Risk free rate | % | % | ||||||
Dividend rate | ||||||||
Implied yield | % | % |
PPP Loan
On May 4, 2020, the Company entered into a forgivable loan from the U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) resulting in net proceeds of $
The PPP Loan was accounted for as a financial liability in accordance with ASC 470, “Debt,” (“ASC 470”) Accordingly, the proceeds from the PPP Loan were recorded as a long-term liability on the balance sheet until either (1) the loan is, in part or wholly, forgiven and the company had been “legally released” or (2) the Company paid off the loan to the Lender. Interest was accrued in accordance with the interest method.
In May 2021, the PPP loan was forgiven pursuant to the terms and conditions of the PPP Loan Agreement and the provision of the Cares Act. Upon forgiveness, and legal release, the Company reduced the liability by the amount forgiven, totaling $
6. | STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |
Financing Activities
For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2022:
Common Stock Purchase Agreement
On March 25, 2022, we entered into a common stock purchase agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Tumim Stone Capital, LLC (“Tumim”). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company has the right, but not the obligation, to sell to Tumim, and Tumim is obligated to purchase, up to $
The Purchase Agreement initially precludes the Company from issuing and selling more than
From and after the initial satisfaction of the conditions to the Company’s right to commence sales of common stock to Tumim (such event, the “Commencement,” and the date of initial satisfaction of all such conditions, the “Commencement Date”), the Company may direct Tumim to purchase shares of common stock at a purchase price per share equal to
The Commencement Date of the Tumim Offering was March 25, 2022. Unless earlier terminated, the Purchase Agreement will automatically terminate upon the earliest of (i) the expiration of the 18-month period following the Commencement Date, (ii) Tumim’s purchase or receipt of the Total Commitment worth of common stock, or (iii) the occurrence of certain other events set forth in the Purchase Agreement. The Company has the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement at any time after Commencement, at no cost or penalty, upon five trading days’ prior written notice to Tumim. Tumim has the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement upon five trading days’ prior written notice to the Company, but only upon the occurrence of certain events set forth in the Purchase Agreement.
The Company intends to use the net proceeds, if any, from the Tumim Offering for working capital and general corporate purposes, including sales and marketing activities, product development and capital expenditures. The Company may also use a portion of the net proceeds to acquire or invest in complementary businesses, products and technologies. The Purchase Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and agreements by the Company, as well as customary indemnification obligations of the Company.
For the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2021:
In January 2021, the Company issued
In February 2021, the Company issued
In March 2021, the Company issued
The offerings described above were made pursuant to an effective shelf registration statement on Form S-3, which was originally filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 10, 2020 (File No. 333-237626). The net proceeds from these offerings were intended to be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including sales and marketing activities, product development and capital expenditures. The Company also reserved the right to use a portion of the net proceeds for the acquisition of, or investment in, technologies, solutions or businesses.
Other
Equity Distribution Agreement
On September 3, 2021, the Company entered into an Equity Distribution Agreement (the “Sales Agreement”) with two investment banks (the “Agents”), pursuant to which the Company may offer and sell, from time to time, through the Agents (the “ATM Offering”), up to $
Subject to the terms and conditions of the Sales Agreement, the Agents will use their commercially reasonable efforts to sell the Shares from time to time, based upon the Company’s instructions. Under the Sales Agreement, the Agents may sell the Shares by any method permitted by law deemed to be an “at-the-market” offering as defined in Rule 415 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), including, without limitation, sales made directly on the Nasdaq Capital Market, on any other existing trading market for the Company’s common stock or to or through a market maker. The Agents may also sell Shares in privately negotiated transactions, provided that the Agents receive the Company’s prior written approval.
The Company has no obligation to sell any of the Shares, and may at any time suspend offers under the Sales Agreement. The Offering will terminate upon the earlier of (a) the sale of all of the Shares, (b) the termination by the mutual written agreement of the managing agent and the Company, or (c) one year from the date that the Form S-3 is declared effective by the SEC.
Under the terms of the Sales Agreement, the Agents will be entitled to an aggregate commission at a fixed rate of
The Company intends to use the net proceeds from any “at-the-market” offering primarily for working capital and general corporate purposes, including sales and marketing activities, product development and capital and acquisition related expenditures. The Company may also use a portion of the net proceeds for the acquisition of, or investment in, technologies, solutions or businesses.
7. | SUBSEQUENT EVENTS |
The Company evaluated subsequent events for their potential impact on the condensed consolidated financial statements and disclosures through the date the condensed consolidated financial statements were issued and determined that, except as set forth below, no subsequent events occurred that were reasonably expected to impact the condensed consolidated financial statements presented herein.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “Super League Gaming, Inc.” “Company,” “we,” “us,” “our,” or similar references mean Super League Gaming, Inc. References to the “SEC” refer to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.
Forward-Looking Statements
You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this interim report. Our condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The following discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), including, without limitation, statements regarding our expectations, beliefs, intentions or future strategies that are signified by the words “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “believe,” or similar language. All forward-looking statements included in this document are based on information available to us on the date hereof, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. Our business and financial performance are subject to substantial risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements. In evaluating our business, you should carefully consider the information set forth under the heading “Risk Factors” included Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as well as in Item II, Part 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Report”). Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.
Overview
Super League Gaming, Inc. (Nasdaq: SLGG) builds and operates networks of games, monetization tools and content channels across open-world gaming platforms that empower developers, energize players, and entertain fans. Our solutions provide incomparable access to an audience consisting of players in the largest global metaverse environments, fans of hundreds of thousands of gaming influencers, and viewers of gameplay content across major social media and digital video platforms. Fueled by proprietary and patented technology systems, the Company’s platform includes access to vibrant in-game communities, a leading metaverse advertising platform, a network of highly viewed channels and original shows on Instagram, TikTok, Snap, YouTube, and Twitch, cloud-based livestream production tools, and an award-winning esports invitational tournament series. The Company’s properties deliver powerful opportunities for brands and advertisers to achieve impactful insights and marketing outcomes with gamers of all ages.
We generate revenue from (i) advertising, serving as a marketing channel for brands and advertisers to reach their target audiences of gamers across our network, (ii) content, curating and distributing esports and gaming-centric entertainment content for our own network of digital channels and media and entertainment partner channels, and (iii) direct to consumer offers, including digital subscriptions, in-game digital goods, and gameplay access fees. We operate in one reportable segment to reflect the way management and our chief operating decision maker review and assess the performance of the business.
Matters Affecting Comparability
During fiscal year 2021, we completed the acquisitions described below under the heading, “FY 2021 Acquisitions.”
Executive Summary
During the second quarter of 2022, we continued our growth trajectory, highlighted by reaching over 70 million unique monthly players through our metaverse gaming network. Our challenge, and opportunity, is to capture the significant shift in the digital advertising market toward in-game advertising. We continued to strengthen our leadership position in video game experiences and entertainment by winning a larger share of advertisers’ wallets, further monetizing our sought-after premium advertising inventory, and adding new partners to expand our global network sales fleet.
Our continued focus on topline revenue growth resulted in second quarter 2022 revenue of $4.3 million, up nearly 300%, compared to $1.1 million in the second quarter of 2021, driven by strong percentage increases in our advertising and sponsorship and direct to consumer revenue streams. Second quarter 2022 cost of revenue was $2.5 million compared to $533,000 in the comparable prior year quarter, primarily reflecting the significant increase in related revenue, compared to the prior year quarter. As a percent of revenue, gross profit in the second quarter of 2022 was 43% compared to 51% in the prior year quarter, reflecting a full quarter of Mobcrush related influencer marketing revenue which on average has higher direct cost profiles.
Total operating expense in the second quarter of 2022 were $10.6 million compared to $6.9 million in the comparable prior year quarter, and included increased personnel costs, and intangible asset amortization expense associated with our FY 2021 M&A activities. Operating expense in the second quarter of 2022 included noncash amortization of intangible assets, totaling $1.3 million compared to $505,000 in the second quarter of 2021, reflecting a full quarter of amortization of intangible assets acquired in connection with our fiscal year 2021 acquisitions, compared to one month of amortization in the comparable prior year quarter. Noncash stock compensation charges for the second quarter of 2022 totaled $1.0 million compared to $561,000 in the second quarter of 2021.
On a GAAP-basis, which includes the impact of noncash charges and credits, net loss in the second quarter of 2022 was $8.7 million, or $(0.24) per share, compared to a net loss of $2.0 million, or $(0.07) per share, in the comparable prior year quarter. Second quarter 2021 GAAP net loss included a noncash gain on debt extinguishment totaling $1.2 million and a noncash gain related to a partial release of tax related valuation allowances totaling $3.1 million. Excluding the impact of these noncash gains, the net loss for the second quarter of 2021 was $6.3 million or $(0.23) per share.
FY 2021 Acquisitions
Fiscal year 2021 acquisitions were comprised of the following:
● |
We acquired Mobcrush, effective June 1, 2021. We believe the acquisition of Mobcrush will enable us to provide brands, advertisers, and other consumer facing businesses with significant audience reach across the most important engagement channels, providing livestream and video on demand social media audience reach through a network of mid-tier social media influencers. |
● |
In August 2021, we completed the acquisition of Bannerfy which reinforces our commitment to helping creators monetize their fan base as they seek to turn their passion into their livelihood and provides brands with access to additional premium inventory from creators through the Company, to establish organic connections with their fans and followers. Based in the United Kingdom, and having already onboarded a strong roster of European gaming creators and brand partners, and as the first international acquisition by the Company, Bannerfy represents another path to expansion of our advertising and sponsorship partner base. |
● |
On October 4, 2021, we completed the acquisition of Bloxbiz Co. (doing business as, and hereinafter referred to as “Superbiz”), a dynamic advertising platform designed specifically for metaverse environments. Superbiz’s initial deployment enables brands to advertise across popular Roblox game titles and helps Roblox creators with monetization and game analytics. Superbiz’s advertising platform reaches more than 70 million monthly active Roblox users across a collection of more than 150 curated, brand-safe games. In-game ads take the form of creative billboards that complement the gaming experience, allowing for natural discovery without interrupting gameplay. The ads are measured through Superbiz’s advanced technology, which verifies viewability in a 3D space and provides aggregated audience geographic, language, and device data. The acquisition allows us to execute on our strategic plans to extend our existing and expanding presence and reach in the metaverse |
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, we also focused on continuing to forge strategic partnerships to create a global reseller network to augment our direct salesforce efforts. These partners have breadth and depth across all of the significant industry verticals along with global geographic coverage, which we believe will facilitate the acceleration of the rollout and awareness for our innovative ad products and drive the acceleration of future monetization.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic
The novel coronavirus and actions taken to mitigate the spread of it have had and are expected to continue to have an adverse impact on the economies and financial markets of many countries, including the geographical areas in which the Company operates. On March 27, 2020, the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”) was enacted to among other provisions, provide emergency assistance for individuals, families and businesses affected by the coronavirus pandemic. It is unknown how long the adverse conditions associated with the coronavirus will last and what the complete financial effect will be to the Company.
Although we were impacted by the general deferral in advertising spending by brands and sponsors resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic for a significant portion of fiscal year 2020, we reported significant quarter over quarter growth in revenue in the second half of fiscal 2020, and throughout fiscal year 2021 and we expect to continue to expand our advertising revenue and revenue from the sale of our proprietary and third-party user generated content in future periods, as we continue to expand our advertising inventory, viewership and related sales activities.
For a discussion of the risk factors related to COVID-19, please refer to Part II, Item 1A.“"Risk Factor”" in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021
The following table sets forth a summary of our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 (dollars in thousands):
Three Months |
Six Months |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ended June 30, |
Change |
Ended June 30, |
Change |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2022 |
2021 |
$ | % | 2022 |
2021 |
$ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
REVENUE |
$ | 4,279 | $ | 1,084 | $ | 3,195 | 295 | % |
$ | 8,047 | $ | 1,872 | $ | 6,175 | 330 | % |
||||||||||||||||
COST OF REVENUE |
2,458 | 533 | 1,925 | 361 | % |
4,367 | 875 | 3,492 | 399 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||||
GROSS PROFIT |
1,821 | 551 | 1,270 | 230 | % |
3,680 | 997 | 2,683 | 269 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||||
OPERATING EXPENSE |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Selling, marketing and advertising |
3,001 | 1,934 | 1,067 | 55 | % |
5,735 | 3,417 | 2,318 | 68 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Engineering, technology and development |
4,570 | 2,497 | 2,073 | 83 | % |
8,780 | 4,100 | 4,680 | 114 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
2,993 | 2,433 | 560 | 23 | % |
5,869 | 4,419 | 1,450 | 33 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Total operating expense |
10,564 | 6,864 | 3,700 | 54 | % |
20,384 | 11,936 | 8,448 | 71 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||||
NET LOSS FROM OPERATIONS |
(8,743 | ) |
(6,313 | ) |
(2,430 | ) |
38 | % |
(16,704 | ) |
(10,939 | ) |
(5,765 | ) |
53 | % |
||||||||||||||||
OTHER INCOME (EXPENSE), NET |
23 | 1,214 | (1,191 | ) |
(98 | )% |
22 | 1,215 | (1,193 | ) |
98 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||
Loss before benefit from income taxes |
(8,720 | ) |
(5,099 | ) |
(3,621 | ) |
71 | % |
(16,682 | ) |
(9,724 | ) |
(6,958 | ) |
72 | % |
||||||||||||||||
Benefit from income taxes |
- | 3,073 | (3,073 | ) |
100 | % |
46 | 3,073 | (3,027 | ) |
99 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||
NET LOSS |
$ | (8,720 | ) |
$ | (2,026 | ) |
$ | (6,694 | ) |
330 | % |
$ | (16,636 | ) |
$ | (6,651 | ) |
$ | (9,985 | ) |
150 | % |
Comparison of the Results of Operations for the Three and Six Months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021
Revenue (dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2022 |
2021 |
$ | % | 2022 |
2021 |
$ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advertising and sponsorships |
$ | 3,518 | $ | 485 | $ | 3,033 | 625 | % |
$ | 5,374 | $ | 928 | $ | 4,446 | 479 | % |
||||||||||||||||
Content sales |
288 | 365 | (77 | ) | (21 | )% |
1,693 | 646 | 1,047 | 162 | % |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Direct to consumer |
473 | 234 | 239 | 102 | % |
980 | 298 | 682 | 229 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||||
$ | 4,279 | $ | 1,084 | $ | 3,195 | 295 | % |
$ | 8,047 | $ | 1,872 | $ | 6,175 | 330 | % |
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
||||||||||||||||||
2022 |
2021 |
2022 |
2021 |
||||||||||||||||
Number of customers > 10% of revenue / percent of revenue |
Two/ | 46% | One/ | 15% | Three/ | 36% | - | ||||||||||||
By revenue category: | |||||||||||||||||||
Advertising and sponsorships | Two/ | 46% | - | Two/ | 25% | - | |||||||||||||
Content Sales | - | - | One/ | 11% | |||||||||||||||
Direct to consumer | - | One/ | 15% | - | - |
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021:
● |
Advertising and sponsorship revenue increased primarily due to a 36% increase in our direct sales advertising revenue generating customers, driven by our growing, premium in-game and in-stream advertising inventory, due in part to the FY 2021 Acquisitions, and an approximately 560% increase in the average revenue per customer, for the three months ended June 30, 2022, as compared to the prior year comparable quarter. |
● |
Content sales revenue decreased 21% during the three months ended June 30, 2022 primarily due to a decrease in average content sales revenue per customer, which was partially offset by an increase in content sales revenue generating customers. Content sales revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2022 were primarily comprised of broadcast and or gameplay projects with Endemol Shine North America, a division of Banijay, Topgolf Entertainment Group, iHeartMedia + Entertainment, Inc., Bytedance Pte. Ltd, Viacom International Inc., and Hamilton IP, LLC. During the three months ended June 30, 2021, content sales revenue was primarily comprised of broadcast and or gameplay projects with Endemol Shine North America, a division of Banijay, AVY Entertainment (DBA Tempo Storm), Aftershock Media Group, Topgolf Entertainment Group, Hitbox, LLC d/b/a Next Generation Esports and GenG. |
● |
Direct to consumer revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2022 increased $239,000, or 102%, compared to the comparable prior year quarter. Direct to consumer revenue, prior to the acquisition of Mobcrush in June 2021, was primarily comprised of revenue generated from our Minehut digital property, which provides various Minecraft server hosting services on a subscription basis and other digital goods to the Minecraft gaming community. Mobcrush generates direct to consumer in-game platform sales revenue through the sale of digital goods, including cosmetic items, durable goods, player ranks and game modes, within our Mineville and Pixel Paradise gaming servers, which leverage the flexibility of the Microsoft Minecraft Bedrock platform, are powered by our InPvP cloud architecture technology, and represent two of the seven official Microsoft Minecraft partner servers. Revenue is generated when transactions are facilitated between Microsoft and the end user, either via in-game currency or cash. |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021:
● |
Advertising and sponsorship revenue increased primarily due to a 29% increase in our direct sales advertising revenue generating customers, driven by our growing, premium in-game and in-stream advertising inventory, due in part to the FY 2021 Acquisitions, and an approximately 445% increase in the average revenue per customer, for the six months ended June 30, 2022, as compared to the prior year comparable period. |
● |
Content sales revenue increased primarily due to a 111% increase in content sales revenue generating customers, and a 68% increase in average content sales revenue per customer and included broadcast and or gameplay projects with Twitch Interactive, Topgolf Entertainment Group, Aftershock Media Group, iHeartMedia + Entertainment, Inc., Bytedance Pte. Ltd, Viacom International Inc., and Hamilton IP, LLC. The increase also included $919,000 of product design and software development kit related revenue pursuant to a development agreement with a customer, which was completed during the first quarter of 2022 |
● |
Direct to consumer revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2022 increased $682,000, or 229%, compared to the comparable prior year quarter, due primarily to a full six months of direct to consumer in-game platform sales revenue within our Mineville and Pixel Paradise gaming servers, which was acquired in June 2021. |
Cost of Revenue (dollars in thousands)
Cost of revenue includes direct costs incurred in connection with the satisfaction of performance obligations under our revenue arrangements including internal and third-party engineering, creative, content, broadcast and other personnel, talent and influencers, content capture and production services, direct marketing, cloud services, software, prizing, revenue sharing fees and venue fees. Cost of revenue fluctuates period to period based on the specific programs and revenue streams contributing to revenue each period and the related cost profile of our physical and digital experiences, advertising campaigns and content sales activities occurring each period
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to the Three Months ended June 30, 2021:
● |
Cost of revenue increased $1,925,000, or 361%, due primarily to the 295% increase in related revenue for the same period. | |
● |
The greater than proportionate increase in cost of revenue was primarily due to the impact of a full quarter of Mobcrush related direct sales advertising revenue with higher direct cost profiles during the three months ended June 30, 2022, compared to one-month of Mobcrush related direct sales advertising revenue in the comparable prior year quarter. |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021:
● |
Cost of revenue increased $3,492,000, or 399%, relatively consistent with the 330% increase in related revenue for the same period. |
|
● |
Cost of revenue increased primarily due to the increase in related revenue for the six-month periods presented. |
Operating Expense (dollars in thousands)
Refer to the table summarizing our results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022 and 2021 above.
Noncash stock-based compensation expense for the periods presented was included in the following operating expense line items (dollars in thousands):
Three Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
Six Months Ended June 30, |
Change |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2022 |
2021 |
$ | % | 2022 |
2021 |
$ | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sales, marketing and advertising |
$ | 251,000 | $ | 237,000 | $ | 14,000 | 6 | % |
$ | 481,000 | $ | 420,000 | $ | 61,000 | 15 | % |
||||||||||||||||
Engineering, technology and development |
74,000 | 24,000 | 50,000 | 208 | % |
263,000 | 57,000 | 206,000 | 361 | % |
||||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
675,000 | 300,000 | 375,000 | 125 | % |
1,355,000 | 495,000 | 860,000 | 174 | % |
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Total noncash stock compensation expense |
$ | 1,000,000 | $ | 561,000 | $ | 439,000 | 78 | % |
$ | 2,099,000 | $ | 972,000 | $ | 1,127,000 | 116 | % |
On January 1, 2022, the Company issued 1,350,000 performance stock units (“PSUs”) under the Company’s 2014 Amended and Restated Stock Option and Incentive Plan, which vest in five equal increments of 270,000 PSUs, based on satisfaction of market related vesting conditions during the three-year period commencing on January 1, 2022, as described at Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere herein. A market condition is reflected in the grant-date fair value of an award, and therefore, a Monte Carlo simulation model is utilized to determine the estimated fair value of the equity-based award. Compensation cost is recognized for awards with a market condition, provided the requisite service period is satisfied, regardless of whether the market condition is ever satisfied. Noncash stock compensation expense related to the PSUs totaled $564,000 and $1,121,000 for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022.
Selling, Marketing and Advertising.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021:
The increase in selling, marketing and advertising expense was primarily due to the following:
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Increase in personnel costs associated with the acquisition of Mobcrush and the addition of a total of 11 former Mobcrush employees, effective June 1, 2021, to our direct sales function. |
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In addition to the impact on personnel costs arising from the Mobcrush Acquisition, the change reflects a net increase since the end of the prior year comparable quarter of approximately 14 net full-time employees in connection with the increase in our inhouse direct sales and marketing team focused on monetization and personnel in our creative and content functions. |
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The increase in selling, marketing and advertising expense also included the amortization of partner, customer and advertiser related intangible assets acquired in connection with the FY 2021 Acquisitions totaling $526,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2022. FY 2021 Acquisition related amortization of partner, customer and advertiser related intangible assets for the three months ended June 30, 2021 totaled $151,000. |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021:
The increase in selling, marketing and advertising expense was primarily due to the following:
● |
Increase in personnel costs associated with the acquisition of Mobcrush and the addition of a total of 11 former Mobcrush employees, effective June 1, 2021, to our direct sales function. |
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● |
In addition to the impact on personnel costs arising from the Mobcrush Acquisition, the change reflects a net increase since the end of the prior year comparable quarter of approximately 14 net full-time employees in connection with the increase in our inhouse direct sales and marketing team, focused on monetization and personnel in our creative and content functions. |
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● |
The increase in selling, marketing and advertising expense also included the amortization of partner, customer and advertiser related intangible assets acquired in connection with the FY 2021 Acquisitions totaling $1,052,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022. FY 2021 Acquisition related amortization of partner, customer and advertiser related intangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2021 totaled $151,000. |
Engineering, Technology and Development.
Components of our platform are available on a “free to use,” “always on basis,” and are utilized and offered as an audience acquisition tool, as a means of growing our audience, engagement, viewership, players and community. Engineering, technology and development related operating expense include the costs described below, incurred in connection with our audience acquisition and viewership expansion activities. Engineering, technology and development related operating expense includes (i) allocated internal engineering personnel expense, including salaries, noncash stock compensation, taxes and benefits, (ii) third-party contract software development and engineering expense, (iii) internal use software cost amortization expense, and (iv) technology platform related cloud services, broadband and other platform expense, incurred in connection with our audience acquisition and viewership expansion activities, including tools and product offering development, testing, minor upgrades and features, free to use services, corporate information technology and general platform maintenance and support. Capitalized internal use software development costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over the software’s estimated useful life.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2021:
The increase in engineering, technology and development costs was primarily due to the following:
● |
Increase in personnel costs associated with the FY 2021 Acquisitions which included an acquisition date increase in engineering and product function personnel totaling 16 full-time employees, effective June 1, 2021. |
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In addition to the impact on personnel costs arising from the FY 2021 Acquisitions, the change reflects a net increase since the end of the prior year comparable quarter of approximately 14 net full-time employees in connection with the increase in our inhouse product and engineering functions. |
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The increase in engineering, technology and development costs for the three months ended June 30, 2022 also reflected an increase in cloud services and other technology platform costs totaling $448,000, primarily reflecting costs resulting from our FY 2021 Acquisitions, as well as the continued strong engagement across our digital properties. |
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The increase also included the amortization of developed technology related intangible assets acquired in connection with the FY 2021 Acquisitions totaling $337,000 for the three months ended June 30, 2022. FY 2021 Acquisition related amortization of developed technology related intangible assets for the three months ended June 30, 2021 totaled $63,000. |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2022, Compared to the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021:
The increase in engineering, technology and development costs was primarily due to the following:
● |
Increase in personnel costs associated with the FY 2021 Acquisitions which included an increase in engineering and product function personnel totaling 16 full-time employees, effective June 30, 2021. |
|
● |
In addition to the impact on personnel costs arising from the FY 2021 Acquisitions, the change reflects a net increase since the end of the prior year comparable quarter of approximately 14 net full-time employees in connection with the increase in our inhouse product and engineering functions. |
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● |
The increase in engineering, technology and development costs for the three months ended June 30, 2022 also reflected an increase in cloud services and other technology platform costs totaling $1,452,000, primarily reflecting costs resulting from our FY 2021 Acquisitions, as well as continued strong engagement across our digital properties. |
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The increase also included the amortization of developed technology related intangible assets acquired in connection with the FY 2021 Acquisitions totaling $674,000 for the six months ended June 30, 2022. FY 2021 Acquisition related amortization of developed technology related intangible assets for the six months ended June 30, 2021 totaled $63,000. |
General and Administrative.
General and administrative expense for the periods presented was comprised of the following (dollars in thousands):
Three Months |
Change |
Six Months |
Change |
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2022 |
2021 |
$ | % | 2022 |
2021 |
$ |